Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Volume 23, Issue 6 , Pages 741-749 , December 2009

Intrauterine growth restriction: new standards for assessing adverse outcome

  • Jason Gardosi, MD FRCOG FRCSED (Professor)

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationTel.: +44 121 6873400; fax: +44 121 6873401.

References 

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  3. Tamura RK, Sabbagha RE, Depp R, et al. Diminished growth in fetuses born preterm after spontaneous labor or rupture of membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1984;148:1105–1110
  4. Ott WJ. Intrauterine growth retardation and preterm delivery. AJOG. 1993;168:1710–1717
  5. Gardosi JO. Prematurity and fetal growth restriction. Early Hum Dev. 2005;81:43–49
  6. Hadlock FP, Harrist RB, Martinez-Poyer J. In-utero analysis of fetal growth: a sonographic weight standard. Radiology. 1991;181:129–133
  7. GROW (Gestation Related Optimal Weight) – software for customised centiles. www.gestation.net2009;Gestation Network
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  12. Gardosi J, Francis A. A customized standard to assess fetal growth in a US population. AJOG. 2009;201(25):e1–e7
  13. Gardosi J, Clausson B, Francis A. The value of customised centiles in assessing perinatal mortality risk associated with parity and maternal size. BJOG. 2009;116:1356–1363
  14. Clausson B, Gardosi J, Francis A, et al. Perinatal outcome in SGA births defined by customised versus population-based birthweight standards. BJOG. 2001;108:830–834
  15. De Jong CL, Francis A, Van Geijn HP, et al. Customized fetal weight limits for antenatal detection of fetal growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2000;15:36–40
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  18. Singer DB, Sung CJ, Wigglesworth JS. Fetal growth and maturation: with standards for body and organ development. In:  Wigglesworth JS,  Singer DB editor. Textbook of fetal and perinatal pathology. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1991;p. 11–47
  19. Gardosi J, Mul T, Mongelli M, et al. Analysis of birth weight and gestational age in antepartum stillbirths. BJOG. 1998;105:524–530
  20. de Jong CL, Gardosi J, Dekker GA, et al. Application of a customised birthweight standard in the assessment of perinatal outcome in a high risk population. BJOG. 1998;105:531–535
  21. Figueras F, Figueras J, Meier E, et al. Customised birthweight percentiles accurately predict perinatal morbidity. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2007;92(4):277–280
  22. McCowan L, Harding JE, Stewart AW. Customised birthweight centiles predict SGA pregnancies with perinatal morbidity. BJOG. 2005;112:1026–1033
  23. Gardosi J, Francis A. Adverse pregnancy outcome and association with smallness for gestational age by customised and population based birthweight percentiles. AJOG. 2009;201(28):e1–e8
  24. Dua A, Schram C. An investigation into the applicability of customised charts for the assessment of fetal growth in antenatal population at Blackburn, Lancashire, UK. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2006;26(5):411–413
  25. Jacobsson B, Ahkin K, Francis A, et al. Cerebral palsy and restricted growth status at birth: population based case-control study. BJOG. 2008;115:1250–1255
  26. Zeitlin J, Ancel PY, Saurel-Cubizolles MJ, et al. The relationship between intrauterine growth restriction and preterm delivery: an empirical approach using data from a European case-control study. BJOG. 2000;107:750–758
  27. Bukowski R, Gahn D, Denning J, et al. Impairment of growth in fetuses destined to deliver preterm. AJOG. 2001;185:463–467
  28. Groom KM, Poppe KK, North RA, et al. S mall-for-gestational age infants classified by customized or population birthweight centiles: impact of gestational age at delivery. AJOG. 2007;197(239):e1–e5
  29. Cnattingius S, Bergstrom R, Lipworth L, et al. Prepregnancy weight and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. NEJM. 1998;338:147–152
  30. Aveyard P, Cheng KK, Manaseki S, et al. The risk of preterm delivery in women from different ethnic groups. BJOG. 2002;109:894–899
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  32. Gardosi J. Ethnic differences in fetal growth. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1995;6:73–74
  33. Kierans WJ, Joseph KS, Zhong-Cheng L, et al. Does one size fit all? The case for ethnic-specific standards of fetal growth. BMC Pregnancy & Childbirth. 2008;8:1;doi:10.1186/ 1471-2393-8-1 [E-pub ahead of print]
  34. Wigglesworth JS. Monitoring perinatal mortality - a pathophysiological approach. Lancet. 1980;Sep;27:684–687
  35. Cole SK, Hey EN, Thomson AM. Classifying perinatal death: an obstetric approach. BJOG. 1986;93:1204–1212
  36. Gardosi J, Kady Sue M, McGeown Pat, et al. Classification of stillbirth by relevant condition at death (ReCoDe): population based cohort study. BMJ. 2005;331:1113–1117
  37. Froen JF, Gardosi J, Thurmann A, et al. Restricted fetal growth in sudden intrauterine unexplained death. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2004;83:81–87
  38. Genest DR, Williams MA, Greene MF. Estimating the time of death in stillborn fetuses: I. Histologic evaluatoin of fetal organs; an autopsy study of 150 stillborns. Obstet Gynecol. 1992;80(4):575–584
  39. Kady SM, Gardosi J. Perinatal mortality and fetal growth restriction. In:  Arulkumaran S,  Gardosi J editor. Best practice & research - clin obstet gynaecol. Elsevier; 2004;p. 397–410
  40. Report of the Birmingham & The Black Country Confidential Enquiries into Stillbirths with Fetal Growth Restriction. Perinatal Institute. www.pi.nhs.uk/rpnm/CE_SB_Final.pdf2007;
  41. Hepburn M, Rosenberg K. An audit of the detection and management of small-for-gestational age babies. BJOG. 1986;93:212–216
  42. Lindqvist PG, Molin J. Does antenatal identification of small-for-gestational age fetuses significantly improve their outcome?. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2005;25:258–264

PII: S1521-6934(09)00114-X

doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2009.09.001

Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Volume 23, Issue 6 , Pages 741-749 , December 2009

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